What is Mouth/Oral Cavity Cancer?

Mouth/oral cavity cancer refers to malignant growths that develop in parts of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, gums, inner cheeks, and the roof or floor of the mouth. This type of cancer usually begins in the squamous cells lining the mouth and throat. It is part of a broader group known as head and neck cancer, and its early detection is crucial for effective treatment. Left untreated, it can spread to surrounding tissues and even other parts of the body.

Diagnosis and Early Detection

Early detection of mouth/oral cavity cancer plays a key role in improving patient outcomes. A thorough physical examination by a specialist, combined with diagnostic tools like biopsies, imaging tests, and oral cancer screenings, helps identify the presence of cancerous growths. Regular checkups are essential as it helps in spotting early signs. Timely diagnosis leads to more treatment options, offering a higher chance of successful recovery and preventing the spread of the disease to other areas of the body.

Importance of Regular Checkups

Regular medical checkups are vital for the early detection of oral cancer. Head and Neck Surgeons are trained to recognize abnormal changes in the mouth that may signal early-stage cancer. When caught early, oral cancer is much more treatable, significantly improving survival rates. Oral exams should include checks for lesions, sores, or unusual tissue growths, especially for individuals with higher risk factors. Early intervention ensures a broader range of treatment options and a better prognosis.

Know the Cancer Risk Triggers

Key factors that increase oral cancer risk

• Tobacco Use: Smoking and chewing tobacco are the leading causes
• Alcohol Consumption: Excessive alcohol use significantly increases the risk
• HPV Infection: Human papillomavirus, particularly HPV-16, is associated with oral cancer
• Sun Exposure: Prolonged exposure can increase the risk of lip cancer
• Poor Oral Hygiene: Inadequate dental care and gum disease can contribute to oral cancer risk

Warning Signs of Oral Cancer

Spot symptoms early for better outcomes

• Persistent Mouth Sores: Ulcers or sores that don’t heal in 2-3 weeks
• White or Red Patches: Unexplained patches in the mouth or on the lips
• Pain or Difficulty Swallowing: Discomfort while chewing or swallowing
• Lumps or Thickening: Unusual lumps in the mouth, throat, or neck
• Speech Changes: Hoarseness or changes in voice

Steps to Prevent Oral Cancer

Simple lifestyle changes to reduce your risk

• Quit Smoking: Avoid all forms of tobacco
• Limit Alcohol: Reduce alcohol consumption to lower risk
• HPV Vaccination: Prevents HPV-related oral cancer
• Regular Screening: Early detection through routine exams
• Maintain Oral Hygiene: Proper care can reduce infection risks